How Does Medication For ADHD Work?
Stimulants increase the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in your brain, helping improve the ability to focus and control impulses. They come in immediate-release (short-acting) and extended-release tablets that are taken every day, typically in the morning.
Nonstimulant medications can help improve concentration and impulse control however, they are more difficult to use. Atomoxetine (Strattera) and Guanfacine (Viloxazine) are in the class of antidepressants and increase levels of norepinephrine.
Stimulants
Most commonly prescribed ADHD medications contain stimulants like dexamphetamine, methylphenidate, and lisdexamfetamine. These medications work by increasing the levels of norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the brain. These neurotransmitters assist the prefrontal cortex, which controls the process of planning and organizing tasks. The stimulants help reduce ADHD symptoms in about 70% to 80% of children and adults who use them. The symptoms include fidgeting and arguing with others, forgetfulness and trouble finishing or working on tasks. Medications also can help with social issues, such as not listening to others or having difficulty keeping promises.
The drugs begin to work when they cross the blood-brain barrier, which can take between 45 and 60 minutes. This is why people notice changes almost immediately. A doctor may increase the dosage slowly over a period of three or four weeks for children. During this period, teachers and parents can provide feedback about whether the medication is assisting. Doctors can also observe the effects of medication using scales like the Connor global index score which compares a child with other children of their age and gender who don't have ADHD.
adhd without medication will inform the patient and family about the advantages of, risks, and adverse effects of various medications. It is crucial to speak the truth, particularly if you don't see any improvement with your medication. The GP may suggest an alternative treatment.
Non-stimulant drugs
A variety of other drugs are also used to treat ADHD. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is an antidepressant that boosts the neurotransmitters dopamine as well as norepinephrine, is one of these medications. Other older medications, like tricyclics, are also used. These are less likely to cause side effects than stimulants, but they can take a long time to work.
Disorders of the psychiatric spectrum
Psychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety, may coexist with ADHD and make it more difficult for patients to achieve the best results from their medication. In many instances, a doctor will treat the mood disorder and then review their patient.
Abuse
Especially among adolescents and teenagers who take stimulant medications for their energy-boosting or weight-loss effects These drugs can be misused. People with a history or dependence on alcohol or drugs, or mental health issues like bipolar disorder, are more likely to abuse stimulant drugs.
It is frustrating to not see immediate results from ADHD medication. It is important to remember, however, that many people will need to test various types of medications before they discover one that alleviates their symptoms. It's also important to stick to the medication for as long as possible, and to keep regular visits to your GP to monitor the progress of the medication and look for any side effects. These visits will help the GP determine whether the dosage currently being used is adequate or needs to be increased or if the medication needs to be changed to another type or combination of medications. Doctors can also assist to determine changes in lifestyle and behavior that could enhance the effectiveness of medication.